The development of digital technologies in recent decades has made programming one of the most important skills of the 21st century. Whereas in the past it was taught only at universities, today many parents are wondering when and how to introduce their child to the world of IT. This is especially relevant in Hungary, where digital transformation is actively supported at the state level.
Why is programming important for children?
Programming develops logical thinking, perseverance, and a creative approach to problem-solving. These skills are essential not only for future programmers but also for anyone living and working in the digital world. Even if a child doesn’t pursue an IT career, understanding algorithms, databases, and the basics of code can be useful in many professions—from engineering to medicine.
Moreover, children who learn programming often show higher results in math and science. This is because programming teaches how to structure information and think step by step—skills that are critically important in both academic and professional environments.
At what age should you start?
Psychologists and educators believe that the optimal age to start learning is between 5 and 7 years old. At this stage, children develop the basic cognitive skills necessary to grasp abstract concepts such as “algorithm” or “condition.”
Of course, initial learning is not about writing code. It takes place in a playful way: through logic games, sequencing tasks, and simple visual platforms like ScratchJr or Code.org. These platforms are designed specifically for children and allow them to build programs using blocks that fit together like puzzle pieces.
From the age of 9–10, children can move on to more advanced platforms such as Scratch, Blockly, or even a simplified version of Python. It all depends on the child’s interests and the level of support from adults.
How and where to teach programming?
There are several approaches, each of which can be adapted to the individual characteristics of the child:
Educational platforms and courses
Online platforms offer structured courses, including video lessons, quizzes, and assignments. In Hungary, popular platforms include Code.org, Tynker, Khan Academy, as well as local initiatives adapted to the national school curriculum.
Many schools and university-affiliated clubs also offer extracurricular IT activities. Parents should consider these courses, especially those held in collaboration with universities or tech companies.
Private tutors and mentors
For children who show a special interest in programming, individual lessons with a mentor can be effective. This allows the curriculum to be tailored to the child’s pace and learning style, and encourages development in specific areas—from mobile apps to robotics.
Home learning with parents
If one of the parents has basic IT knowledge, it can be a great way to engage the child. Solving tasks together, participating in hackathons, or creating simple games strengthens family bonds and makes learning enjoyable.
Which languages and technologies are best?
For beginners, visual languages like Scratch or Blockly are most suitable because they don’t require memorizing syntax and let children see results immediately. This is crucial for maintaining interest in the early stages.
When transitioning to text-based languages, Python is a logical choice—it’s easy to learn and widely used in both academia and industry. For more tech-savvy kids, JavaScript (for web development) or C# (for creating games in Unity) can be introduced.
It’s important to remember: don’t try to teach a child everything at once. Progress gradually, allowing the child to choose what interests them most.
How to maintain interest and avoid burnout?
One of the main roles of parents is to prevent overload and avoid turning learning into a chore. Programming should remain an engaging activity. It’s important to mix theory with practice and show children how their knowledge can be applied in real life.
Projects work well: creating a simple game, website, or app. Participation in children’s competitions and contests—frequently held in Hungary and internationally—can also boost motivation.
Don’t forget about rest. As with any form of learning, it’s vital to maintain a balance between study and free time, including physical activity and social interaction.
Prospects and development
IT education is becoming an integral part of modern schooling. In recent years, Hungary has seen a rise in initiatives aimed at digital literacy—from school reforms to national programs supporting young programmers. A child’s participation in this process opens up many opportunities: from entering technical universities to starting a career in international IT companies.
And although the journey into programming may begin with simple logic puzzles and colorful blocks, it can lead to real professional success. The key is to recognize a child’s interest in time and create the right environment for growth.
